The Biochemical Selectivity of Novel COX-2 Inhibitors

Nineteen healthy volunteers (eight females and 11 males, aged 29.4 ± 9 years) were enrolled to participate in the knowledge base after its subject matter by the Ethical Administrative body of the Establishment of Chieti.
Informed consent was obtained from each person.
The same healthy volunteers were studied on different occasions.COX-2 Report

One-ml aliquots of peripheral venous rake samples containing 10 i.u. of sodium heparin were incubated in the beingness of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 µg/ml) or saline for 24 h at 37°C as previously described. The amount of money of platelet COX-1 was suppressed by pretreating the subjects with aspirin 300 mg 48 h before distribution. Calcedony was separated by centrifugation (10 min at 2000 rev/min) and kept at -80°C until assayed for PGE2, as an mathematical notation of LPS-induced monocyte COX-2 action.COX-1 Test

Peripheral venous rip samples were drawn from the same donors when they had not taken any NSAID during the 2 weeks preceding the sketch.
One-ml aliquots of physical object rip were immediately transferred into Methedrine tubes and allowed to clot at 37°C for 1 h.
Serum was separated by centrifugation (10 min at 3000 rev/min) and kept at -80°C until assayed for TXB2.
Construct debauchee TXB2 presentation was measured as a manifestation of maximally stimulated platelet COX-1 deed in reaction to endogenously formed thrombin. Effects of COX-2 Inhibitors on Object Rakehell COX-2 and COX-1 Activities

Rofecoxib (0.0025-200 mM), celecoxib (0.005-50 mM), valdecoxib (0.0005-50 mM), etoricoxib (0.0005-150 mM), DFU (0.005-250 mM) and DFP (0.005-250 mM) were dissolved in DMSO, and 2-ml aliquots of the solutions were pipetted directly into test tubes to give exam concentrations of 0.001-500 mM in bodily fluid.
Six to ten different concentrations of each chemical compound were incubated with heparinised construct roue samples in the bearing of LPS (10 µg/ml) for 24 h or with object parentage samples allowed to clot at 37°C for 1 h, in act to examine the concentration-dependence of COX-2 vs COX-1 biological process, respectively.
The actual concentrations of the compounds used for each appraisal are reported in the legends to figures.Analyses of PGE2 and TXB2

PGE2 and TXB2 concentrations were measured by previously described and validated radioimmunoassays. Unextracted plasm and serum samples were diluted in the displacement unit diluent of the report (0.02 M soft drink chemical compound, pH 7.4) and assayed in a mass of 1.5 ml at a final examination weakening of 1 : 50-1 : 30 000.
We used 4000 d.p.m. of [3H]PGE2 or [3H]TXB2 and particular anti-PGE2 and anti-TXB2 sera diluted 1 : 100 000 and 1 : 120 000, respectively.
The least detectable assembly was 1-2 pg/ml for both prostanoids.Materials

[3H]PGE2 and [3H]TXB2 (specific bodily function > 100 Ci/mmol) were from Perkin Elmer Life Field Products (Brussels, Belgium).
Authentic PGE2 and TXB2 were from Cayman Chemical Full complement (Ann Shaft, Mich, USA).
Anti-PGE2 and anti-TXB2 sera were obtained in our research lab and their characteristics have been described previously. Heparin, LPS derived from Escherichia coli 026:B6 and dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Organisation (St.
Louis, Mo, USA).
Rofecoxib, valdecoxib, etoricoxib, DFU and DFP were provided by Merck & Co., Inc.
Celecoxib was obtained from Searle.Statistical Criticism

For each research project, the quantity of PGE2 produced in LPS-stimulated object humour in the proximity of an inhibitor was subtracted from that produced in the feeling of saline and DMSO.
The effects of the test compounds were calculated and represented as per cent organic process of prostanoid product assessed in the seizure of the test compounds (control).
Concentration-response curves were fitted, and IC50 values were analysed with OPTICAL PRISM (GraphPad, San Diego, Ca, USA) and ALLFIT, a staple data processor political program for simultaneous curve-fitting based on a four-parameter logistic leveling. The data are expressed as agency ± SEM.
COX-1/COX-2 selectivity was expressed as the quantitative relation of the corresponding IC50 values with 95% self-assurance intervals.
Statistical comparisons were made by Student’s t-test.
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